• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an electric motor (10) comprising: a rotor (12) - stator (11) assembly; a housing (13) integral with the stator (11); an output shaft (17) secured to the rotor and free to rotate with respect to the housing (13); the rotor (12) comprising a first radial surface (23) and the housing (13) comprising a second radial surface (24), such that: in an operating position, the first (23) and second (24) surfaces are spaced apart from each other along the axis (A) of the housing; - The shaft comprises a means (29, 30) for guiding relative to the housing (13) on a displacement in translation along the axis; - The first (23) and second surfaces (24) come into contact by a displacement of the shaft (17) on said stroke. The invention also relates to a method of disassembly of such an engine.
    公开号:FR3024611A1
    申请号:FR1457507
    申请日:2014-08-01
    公开日:2016-02-05
    发明作者:Bruno Raguin；Jean-Francois Perriau；Alain Couturier
    申请人:Alstom Transport Technologies SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to an electric motor of the type comprising: a housing disposed along a main axis, comprising a side wall and end walls disposed substantially transversely to the main axis; a rotor-stator assembly, the stator being integral with the housing; an output shaft secured to the rotor, coaxial with the housing along the main axis; and two bearings mounted between the shaft and the end walls of the housing to keep the shaft free in rotation relative to the housing about the main axis; the rotor comprising a first radial surface and the casing comprising a second radial surface, the two surfaces being able to cooperate to retain the rotor radially relative to the casing. Rolling bearings of electric motors require regular maintenance, such as a renewal of the lubricating grease or a change of worn bearing parts. To limit the handling operations, it is desirable to extract the bearings from outside the engine without disassembling the rotor. It is then necessary to block the rotor radially in the housing in order to keep it coaxially with the stator during disassembly / reassembly of the bearings. EP2738529 discloses an electric motor of the aforementioned type, comprising conical surfaces integral with the output shaft and arranged in the housing, on either side of the rotor along the main axis. Screws arranged axially in the end walls of the housing can be brought into contact with said conical surfaces, in order to axially and radially block the rotor relative to the housing during the maintenance operations of the bearings. The manufacture of these conical surfaces, very specific, however involves an additional cost in the realization of the engine. The present invention aims to allow the radial locking of the rotor relative to the housing by simple and economical modifications of existing devices. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is an electric motor of the aforementioned type, characterized in that: in an operating position of the rotor-stator assembly, the first and second surfaces are spaced apart from one another according to the main axis; the shaft comprises a guide means relative to the housing on a translation travel along the main axis; and the first and second surfaces are adapted to come into contact with each other by a displacement of the shaft on said stroke, relative to the housing. According to particular embodiments, the motor comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or according to all the possible technical combinations: the motor comprises means for axially locking the output shaft relative to the housing; The rotor comprises a third surface disposed substantially transversely to the main axis, the casing comprises a fourth surface disposed substantially transversely to the main axis, the first and second radial surfaces being configured so as to be in contact with one another; another when the third and fourth surfaces abut; - The first radial surface is carried by a first ring integral with the shaft and arranged along the main axis between the rotor and a bearing, the second radial surface is carried by a second ring secured to an end wall of the housing and disposed along the main axis between the rotor and said bearing, at least one of the first or second surface forming a radial projection relative to the ring bearing said surface; - The first radial surface is carried by a wheel secured to the shaft and disposed along the main axis, and the second radial surface is carried by the side wall of the housing. The invention also relates to a method for mounting / dismounting a bearing of an electric motor as described above, comprising means for axially locking the output shaft relative to the housing, said method comprising the following steps: disassembly of the axial locking means; displacement of the shaft on the stroke along the main axis, so as to bring into contact a first radial surface carried by the rotor and a second radial surface carried by the housing to radially block the rotor relative to the housing, and extraction of the bearing by axial displacement along the output shaft. According to particular embodiments, the method comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or according to all the possible technical combinations: - The displacement of the shaft along the main axis comes to abut the third and fourth surfaces, so as to axially lock the rotor relative to the housing; - The method then comprises the following steps: mounting a bearing on the output shaft at the location of the extracted bearing; moving the shaft on the race along the main axis, so as to move the first and second surfaces apart from one another and to put the rotor-stator assembly into operating position; and mounting the axial locking means of the output shaft relative to the housing. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of an electric motor according to a embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a detail view of Figure 1; FIG. 3 is an axial sectional view of the engine of FIG. 1 in a step of a disassembly method according to one embodiment of the invention; and - Figure 4 is an axial sectional view of the engine of Figure 1 in another step of said disassembly process. An electric motor 10 represented in FIG. 1 comprises a stator 11 and a rotor 12 arranged coaxially along a main axis A. In the example of FIGS. 1 to 4, the axis A is horizontal and only the part of the motor 10 above the axis A is shown. The rotor assembly 12 / stator 11 is shown in the operating position of the motor. The stator 11 is tubular and the rotor 12, cylindrical, is housed inside the stator. The rotor assembly 12 / stator 11 is housed in a housing 13, which has a substantially cylindrical side wall 14 disposed along the axis A. The stator 11 is integral with an inner surface of the side wall 14. The casing also comprises end walls 15, 16, also called flanges, disposed substantially transversely to the axis A. Each of the flanges 15, 16 is connected to one end of the wall 14. In a variant not shown, the wall 14 comprises a welded assembly comprising a set of sheets forming the stator 11 and carcass elements, of the plate or molded box type, at each end of the set of sheets and interconnected by welded bars. An output shaft 17, integral with the rotor 12, is arranged along the axis A and protrudes out of the housing on the side of at least one flange 16. The rotational mobility along the axis A of the shaft 17 relative to to the casing 13 is provided by bearings 18, 19 with bearings. Each of the bearings 18, 19 is disposed between the shaft 17 and a flange 15, 16 of the housing 13. In the example of Figure 1, a first bearing 18 is roller bearing. The bearing 18 is mounted between the shaft 17 and a first annular cage 20, fixed to a first flange 15 and holding the bearing 18. The first cage 20 is also called bearing housing or bearing housing. A ventilation wheel 21 is mounted on the shaft 17 between the rotor 12 and the first cage 20. The first cage 20 and the wheel 21 cooperate to form a device 22 for isolating the first bearing 18 relative to the rotor. The device 22 comprises a set of coaxial rings along the axis A. A first series of rings, carried by the first cage 20, is interposed with a second series of rings, carried by the wheel 21. The intercalated rings form baffles which protect the bearing from pollution from the rotor 12 and, conversely, prevent any leakage of grease bearing 18. The wheel 21 defines at its periphery a first radial cylindrical surface 23, oriented towards the side wall 14 of the housing. Furthermore, the side wall 14 of the casing carries a second radial surface 24 facing the shaft 17. In the example of FIG. 1, the second surface 24 is formed by a flange of the wall 14, projecting towards the outside. inside the crankcase. The first and second radial surfaces 23, 24 are in the form of rings, continuous or fragmented, of substantially identical diameters. The first surface 23 and the second surface 24 are offset relative to each other by a first distance 25 along the axis A. In the example of FIG. 1, the second bearing 19 is ball-bearing. . The bearing 19 is mounted between the shaft 17 and a second annular cage 27, fixed to the second flange 16. The second cage 27 is also called bearing housing or bearing housing. The flange 16 has a through bore 28, oriented along the axis A, through which the shaft 17 protrudes out of the housing 13. An inner wall 29 of the bore 28 is in contact with an outer side wall 30 of the second cage 27. The wall 30 has a substantially cylindrical shape. The motor 10 also comprises a removable means 31 for axially locking the output shaft 17 relative to the casing 13. For example, the second cage 27 is secured to the flange 16 by screws 31 axially oriented. The screws 31 keep in contact an outer face of the flange 16 and an outer flange 32 of the second cage 27. The flange 32 extends radially with respect to the side wall and has for example the shape of a crown or legs arranged in a star. In known manner, the second cage 27 is provided with notches (not shown) able to cooperate with a claw extractor. In a preferred variant, the second cage 27 comprises at least two threaded holes capable of cooperating with a puller with threaded rods. An annular seal 33 traversed by the shaft 17, is integral with the flange 16 and disposed against an inner face 34 of the flange. The seal 33 is also called the baffle cover. A projection 35 of the seal 33 extends axially and is inserted into the bore 28. A deflector 36, integral with the shaft 17, is disposed between the rotor 12 and the second bearing 19. The deflector has the shape of a ring and carries a series of rings 37 coaxial along the axis A, said rings being oriented towards the second bearing 19. The seal 33 carries a series of rings 38 coaxial along the axis A, said rings being oriented towards the rotor. The rings 37 are interposed with the rings 38 to form baffles similar to the device 22 described above. These baffles isolate the second bearing 19 from the rotor 12. A detailed view of the deflector 36 and the seal 33 is visible in FIG. 2. In order to allow the rotation of the deflector 36 with respect to the seal 33 during the operation of the engine, a set 39 radial is formed between the rings 37 of the baffle and the rings 38 of the seal. A third radial surface 40 is carried by an outer ring 37 of the deflector 36. A fourth radial surface 41 is carried by a ring 38 of the seal 33. The third and fourth radial surfaces 40, 41 are in the form of rings, continuous or fragmented, of substantially identical diameters. In the example of FIG. 2, the third surface 40 is delimited at the top of a radial bead 42 of the deflector 36. The bead 42 has a thickness equal to the radial clearance 39 between the deflector 36 and the seal 33. The third and fourth surfaces 40, 41 are oriented vis-à-vis one another and offset relative to each other by a second distance 43 along the axis A.
    [0002] Preferably, the second distance 43 is substantially equal to the first distance 25 between the first and second radial surfaces 23, 24 of the wheel 21 and the wall 14 of the housing. The outer side wall 30 of the cage 27 and the inner wall 29 of the bore 28 are configured and dimensioned so as to slide against each other during a stroke of the shaft 17 on the second distance 43 according to the axis A, starting from the operating position. In particular, the walls 29, 30 are able to slide against each other over a length at least equal to the second distance 43. Similarly, the walls 29, 30 are able to slide against each other over a length at least equal to the first distance 25 between the first and second radial surfaces 23, 24 of the wheel 21 and the wall 14 of the housing. The deflector 36 further delimits a frontal surface 44 facing the joint 33, transversely to the axis A. Said front surface 44 faces a stop surface 45 delimited by the seal 33 and substantially parallel to the surface 44. In the operating position of the engine, the front surface 44 is separated from the abutment surface 45 by a third distance 46 along the axis A. The first radial surface 23 of the wheel 21 and the second radial surface 24 of the lateral wall 14 of the casing are configured to be in contact with each other when the surfaces 44, 45 are in abutment. Likewise, the third radial surface 40 of the deflector 36 and the fourth radial surface 41 of the gasket 33 are configured so as to be in contact with each other when the surfaces 44, 45 are in abutment. The third distance 46 is therefore greater than the first distance 25 and the second distance 43.
    [0003] A method of disassembling the bearing 18 and / or the bearing 19 of the motor 10, according to a first embodiment of the invention, will now be described. This method makes it possible to disassemble the bearings 18, 19 without disassembling the rotor 12 of the casing 13. The screws 31 connecting the second cage 27 to the flange 16 are first disassembled.
    [0004] The shaft 17 is then moved along the axis A, a distance greater than the first distance 25 and the second distance 43. Preferably, the shaft 17 is moved from the third distance 46, so as to stop the surface 44 of the deflector 36 against the surface 45 of the seal 33. The configuration of the motor 10 then obtained is shown in FIG.
    [0005] On the stroke 46 of the shaft 17 between the operating position of the motor and the abutment of the surfaces 44, 45, a sliding of the outer lateral wall 30 of the housing 27 against the inner wall 29 of the bore 28 , guiding said shaft 17 in translation along the axis A. The bringing into contact of the first and second 23, 24 radial surfaces and third and fourth 40, 41 radial surfaces allows the radial blocking of the shaft 17 and the rotor 12 by relative to the housing 13. It is therefore possible to disassemble the bearings 18, 19 without changing the coaxial positions of the shaft 17 and the housing 13. A next step of the process is the extraction of the second cage 27 by sliding along the shaft 17 towards the outside of the housing 13, for example by means of a claw extractor. In a preferred variant, the second cage 27 is extracted with a puller with threaded rods. In this case, the second cage 27 comprises threaded holes cooperating with the puller with threaded rods. The second bearing 19 ball is driven by the second cage 27 out of the housing 13. The configuration of the motor 10 then obtained is shown in the right portion of Figure 4. The bearing 19 can then be removed for maintenance or replacement. Before, after or simultaneously with the extraction of the second bearing 19, it is possible to extract the first bearing 18 in the following manner: as illustrated in FIG. 4, the first flange 15 is first disassembled, for example by unscrewing of screw 47 connecting said flange to the side wall 14 of the housing 13 and screw 48 connecting the flange 15 to the first cage 20. The first cage 20 is then slidably extracted along the shaft 17 towards the outside of the housing 13. The first roller bearing 18 is driven by the first cage 20, with the exception of an inner bearing ring 49, mounted in force on the shaft 17. The configuration of the motor 10 then obtained is shown in the left-hand part. of Figure 4. The ring 49 can then be extracted from the shaft 17, for example by means of a claw extractor. Similarly, the bearing 18 can then be removed for maintenance or replacement.
    [0006] According to a second embodiment of the invention, the internal projection forming the second radial surface 24 is replaced by a series of threaded holes (not shown) arranged radially in the side wall 14 of the housing. Preferably, the wall 14 comprises at least three tapped holes angularly distributed substantially uniformly about the axis A. According to said second embodiment of the invention, after the abutment surfaces 44, 45 as described herein above, screws (not shown) are screwed into the tapped holes until contact with the first radial surface 23 of the wheel 21. The radial blocking of the rotor relative to the housing is thus provided and the steps of disassembly of bearings 18, 19, described above, can be realized. Following maintenance or replacement of the bearings 18, 19, the disassembly methods described above may be followed by winding steps which take place in reverse manner to disassembly: a bearing 18, 19 and a cage 20, 27 are installed on the shaft 17, with a subsequent reassembly of the first flange 15; then, in the second embodiment described above, the screws in contact with the surface 23 are unscrewed to release said surface 23; then the shaft 17 is translated along the axis A so as to return the rotor assembly 12 / stator 11 in the operating position. Said translation of the shaft axially spreads the third and fourth radial surfaces 40, 41 and restores the clearance 39 between the deflector 36 and the seal 33. In the first embodiment described above, said translation of the shaft 17 spreads also the first and second surfaces 23, 24 radial and restores a radial clearance between the wheel 21 and the wall 14 of the housing. The screws 31 are then raised to secure the second cage 27 and the flange 16, which restores an axial locking of the shaft 17.25
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [0001]
    Electric motor (10) of the type comprising: - a casing (13) arranged along a main axis (A), comprising a wall (14) side and end walls (15, 16) disposed substantially transversely to the main axis, - a rotor assembly (12) - stator (11), the stator (11) being integral with the housing (13), - an output shaft (17) integral with the rotor, coaxial with the housing (13) according to the main axis, and - two bearings (18, 19) mounted between the shaft (17) and the end walls of the housing (13) to keep the shaft (17) free to rotate relative to the housing (13) around the main axis, the rotor (12) comprising a first radial surface (23, 40) and the casing (13) comprising a second radial surface (24, 41), the two surfaces being able to cooperate to retain radially the rotor (12) with respect to the housing (13), characterized in that: - in an operating position of the rotor-stator assembly, the first (23, 40) and second surfaces (24, 41) are spaced from each other along the main axis; - The shaft comprises means (29, 30) for guiding relative to the housing (13) on a stroke (25, 43) in translation along the main axis; - the first (23, 40) and second surfaces (24, 41) are adapted to come into contact with each other by a displacement of the shaft (17) on said stroke (25, 43), relative to to the housing (13).
    [0002]
    2.- electric motor according to claim 1, comprising means (31) for axially locking the output shaft (17) relative to the housing (13).
    [0003]
    3.- electric motor according to claim 1 or claim 2, such that: - the rotor comprises a third (44) surface disposed substantially transverse to the main axis, - the housing comprises a fourth (45) surface disposed substantially transversely to the main axis, the first (23, 40) and second (24, 41) radial surfaces being configured to contact each other when the third (44) and fourth (45) surfaces are in contact with each other. stop.
    [0004]
    4.- electric motor according to one of the preceding claims, such that: - the first surface (40) radial is carried by a first ring (37) integral with the shaft and arranged along the main axis between the rotor and a bearing (19), - the second radial surface (41) is carried by a second ring (38) integral with an end wall of the casing and arranged along the main axis between the rotor and said bearing, one at less than the first (40) or second surface (41) forming a radial projection relative to the ring bearing said surface.
    [0005]
    5.- electric motor according to one of the preceding claims, such that: - the first surface (23) radial is carried by a wheel (21) integral with the shaft and arranged along the main axis, and - the second surface (24) radial is carried by the side wall (14) of the housing. 15
    [0006]
    6. A method for mounting / disassembling a bearing (18, 19) of an electric motor (10) according to one of claims 2 to 5, said method comprising the following steps: - disassembly of the means (31) of axial locking of the output shaft (17) with respect to the housing (13), 20 - displacement of the shaft on the stroke (25, 43) along the main axis (A), so as to bring into contact a first radial surface (23, 40) carried by the rotor (12) and a second radial surface (24, 41) carried by the casing for radially locking the rotor with respect to the casing, and - extraction of the bearing (18, 19) by axial displacement along the output shaft. 25
    [0007]
    7. A method according to claim 6 of an engine according to claim 3, such that the displacement of the shaft along the main axis comes to abut the third (44) and the fourth (45) surfaces, so as to axially lock the rotor with respect to the housing. 30
    [0008]
    8. A method according to claim 6 or claim 7, then comprising the following steps: - mounting a bearing (18,19) on the output shaft at the location of the extracted bearing, - displacement of the shaft on the stroke along the main axis, so as to separate the first and second surfaces from each other and to put the rotor-stator assembly into the operating position, and - mounting the locking means (31) axial of the output shaft relative to the housing.
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    同族专利:
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    CN105322691B|2019-02-15|
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    CN105322691A|2016-02-10|
    FR3024611B1|2016-09-02|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20060226717A1|2005-03-23|2006-10-12|Takashi Nagayama|Fully-enclosed fan-cooled motor|
    WO2008022108A2|2006-08-15|2008-02-21|Bombardier Transportation Gmbh|Semi-enclosed ac motor|
    US20120212086A1|2011-02-18|2012-08-23|Takashi Nagayama|Electric motor|EP3220515A1|2016-03-18|2017-09-20|ALSTOM Transport Technologies|Demountable electric motor|US6774514B2|2000-02-25|2004-08-10|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba|Totally enclosed type driving electric motor|
    JP5535014B2|2010-09-09|2014-07-02|株式会社東芝|Electric motor|
    CN103026593B|2010-10-06|2015-06-17|三菱电机株式会社|Rotary electrical device, bearing attachment and detachment tool, and bearing replacement method|
    WO2012164726A1|2011-06-02|2012-12-06|三菱電機株式会社|Dynamo-electric machine and bearing replacement method|
    CN203177876U|2012-11-30|2013-09-04|欧姆龙株式会社|Photoelectric sensor|CN110829746B|2019-11-14|2020-12-25|中车株洲电机有限公司|Dismounting device for traction motor bearing and method applied to dismounting device|
    CN110695920B|2019-11-14|2021-07-06|中车株洲电机有限公司|Dismounting device of traction motor bearing|
    CN111687786A|2020-06-22|2020-09-22|中车株洲电机有限公司|Disassembly and assembly method for preventing over-positioning motor bearing from being disassembled|
    CN112448523A|2020-11-25|2021-03-05|中车永济电机有限公司|Motor bearing modular structure easy to replace|
    法律状态:
    2015-08-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-02-05| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160205 |
    2016-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-02-02| CA| Change of address|Effective date: 20180103 |
    2018-08-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-08-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-08-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1457507A|FR3024611B1|2014-08-01|2014-08-01|ELECTRIC MOTOR AND DISASSEMBLY METHOD|FR1457507A| FR3024611B1|2014-08-01|2014-08-01|ELECTRIC MOTOR AND DISASSEMBLY METHOD|
    CN201510461321.6A| CN105322691B|2014-08-01|2015-07-30|Motor and method for dismounting|
    EP15179356.9A| EP3007331A1|2014-08-01|2015-07-31|Electric motor and disassembling method|
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